The Journal of Economics and International Trade (JEIT) is an international, peer-reviewed, annual, and free of charge scientific journal. JEIT is published by the University Annex of Ksar al-Shalala attached to the University of Ibn Khaldun, Tiaret, Algeria. JEIT is concerned with economics, business and management sciences domains; it provides an academic platform for researchers to contribute through their innovative manuscripts in the scientific knowledge with original, accurate, and objective research that matches the standards of high quality manuscripts. JEIT is published in both print and online versions once a year, and is available for reading and downloading. JEIT receive with open arms all scientific capabilities to contribute to all next Volumes in emerging topics related to interested field of Journal. JEIT publishes manuscripts written in Arabic, French and English. JEIT aims to enhance scientific knowledge and contribute to its development through the publication of original scientific papers.